PICARRO G2401 Analyzer for CO2, CO, CH4, and H2O

To support continuous monitoring of stable carbon isotopes in greenhouse gases, the CIAO observatory is equipped with a Picarro G2201-i analyzer, capable of high-precision measurements of ¹³C/¹²C isotopic ratios in both carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄). This instrument enables real-time analysis of δ¹³C signatures, providing critical insight into the origin and transformation of atmospheric carbon species.

Air sampling is conducted at 100 meters above ground level through an advanced sampling system designed to ensure representative and uncontaminated measurements. The analyzer operates with high temporal resolution and accuracy, making it suitable for detecting subtle isotopic shifts associated with combustion events, biogenic emissions, and fossil fuel sources.

Isotopic analysis plays a key role in source apportionment, as different emission processes leave distinct δ¹³C fingerprints. By combining δ¹³C data with concentration measurements and atmospheric transport models, it can disentangle the relative contributions of natural and anthropogenic sources. This capability is essential for improving greenhouse gas budgets, validating emission inventories, and understanding the dynamics of carbon cycling in the atmosphere.