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Instruments

CIAO is one of the most advanced infrastructures for ground based remote sensing in Europe equipped by multi-wavelength lidar and scanning cloud radar plus additional operative instruments and is providing since early 2000s high quality long term observations of aerosol and cloud properties .

Currently, CIAO is enlarging the equipment with more advanced state of the art lidar systems, and instruments for aerosol in situ and clouds and trace gases remote sensing measurements. Additionally, an ICOS Atmosphere Class1 station is under implementation at  CIAO complementing aerosol clouds and trace gases observations with carbon cycle relevant ones.

Fixed MW Raman lidar

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Optical laboratory

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FTIR

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Lidar laboratory

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Mobile MW Raman lidar

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Radar MIRA35 fixed

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Radar MIRA35C mobile

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Automatic radiosounding system

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Aerosol in situ shelter

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MUSA Raman lidar

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ICOS Atmosphere Class1 station

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Aerosol remote sensing

 

Available instruments
Fixed multi-wavelenght Raman lidar
Mobile multi-wavelenght Raman lidar
Lidar and optical laboratories
MUSA Trasportable multi-wavelength Raman lidar 
Scanning UV Raman lidar
Automatic sun/sky/lunar photometer Cimel 318T

Cloud remote sensing and thermodynamic parameters

 

Cloud remote sensing instruments
Ka-Band Doppler radar Metek MIRA-35 fixed NF
Compact Ka-Band Doppler radar MIRA 35C mobile NF
W-band Doppler radar RPG-FMCW-94 fixed NF
Microwave radiometer RPG-HATPRO-G5 fixed NF
Ceilometer Vaisala CL51 fixed NF
Ceilometer Vaisala CL31 mobile
Doppler lidar
Ceilometer Lufft CHM15k

 

Thermodynamic parameters instruments

Fixed radiosounding system VAISALA MW41

Mobile radiosounding system VAISALA MW41

Autosonde system VAISALA AS13

Aerosol in situ

 

On-line instruments Off-line instruments
Aethalometer ICP-OEs Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometer
Nephelometer OC/EC Analyzer
Aerodynamic Particle Sizer  
ACSM Time-of-Flight Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor  
SMPS Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer  
PM samplers (PM10, PM2.5 and PM1)  
PMX Monitor  

Trace gases remote sensing

 

Instruments
FTIR

Trace gases in situ

Trace gases in situ

Instruments
PICARRO G2401 Analyzer for CO2, CH4, and H2O (sampling at 10, 50, 100 m)
LGR GLA351 series for CO, N2O and H2O (sampling at 10, 50, 100 m)
C14 Sampler Heidelberg Integrated 14CO2 Sampler (sampling at 100 m)
Radon Mapper mi.am for 222Rn monitoring (sampling at 100 m)
24 port ICOS Flask-sampler for periodical gas analysis (sampling at 100 m)
VAISALA CL51 ceilometer for PBLH determination
Met stations at 10, 50 and 100 m

 

Additional instruments

Instruments
Micro Rain Radar Metek MRR-PRO
Trimble L1/L2 GPS antenna
GPS antenna mobile Trimble R8s GNSS
BSRN pyranometers
Ultrasonic anemometer
Meteo stations
All sky camera ASI16